The Chengqi Lou
hengqi Lou, also known as the King of Tulou, is one of the most iconic and largest Hakka earthen buildings located in Yongding County, Fujian Province, China. Built in 1709 during the Qing Dynasty, this circular fortress-like structure stands as a testament to the ingenuity and communal living style of the Hakka people.
The building is massive, with a diameter of 62 meters and a height of four stories, encompassing a total of 400 rooms. Its unique circular design was primarily for defensive purposes, protecting the Hakka community from bandits and wild animals. The thick outer walls, made of compacted earth, are incredibly sturdy and provide excellent insulation, keeping the interior cool in summer and warm in winter.
Chengqi Lou is divided into four concentric rings. The outermost ring houses the living quarters, while the inner rings include a central ancestral hall, storage areas, and communal spaces. This layout reflects the Hakkas strong emphasis on family unity and ancestral worship. The central courtyard is a bustling hub of activity, where residents gather for meals, celebrations, and daily chores.
What makes Chengqi Lou particularly fascinating is its intricate construction and the harmonious blend of architecture and nature. The building is surrounded by lush greenery and terraced fields, creating a picturesque rural landscape. It’s not just a residence but a self-sustaining community, with its own wells, granaries, and even a school within its walls.
Today, Chengqi Lou is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist attraction. Visitors can explore its labyrinthine corridors, admire the traditional craftsmanship, and learn about the rich cultural heritage of the Hakka people. It’s a living museum that offers a glimpse into a unique way of life that has endured for centuries.